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Siege of Mostar
The Siege of Mostar was fought between 1992 and 1993. Initially, it involved the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and the 4th Corps of the ARBiH fighting against the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) after Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from Yugoslavia. However, as the conflict matured and as the political landscape changed, the Bosnian Croats and Bosnian Muslims began to fight against each other, culminating in an episode of the Bosnian War that was known as the Croat-Bosniak Conflict.
==The Siege==
After Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from Yugoslavia, the town of Mostar was subjected to an 18-month siege. The Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) first bombarded Mostar on 3 April 1992 and over the following week gradually established control over large portions of the town. By 12 June 1992, the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and the 4th Corps of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) in a joined action amassed enough strength to force the JNA out of Mostar. The JNA responded with heavy shelling. Amongst the destroyed buildings were a Franciscan monastery, the Catholic cathedral, the bishop's palace (with a library collection of over 50,000 books), a number of secular institutions as well as the Karadžoz-bey mosque, as well as thirteen other mosques.
In mid-June 1992, after the battle line moved eastward, the Croatian Defense Council (HVO) demolished the Serbian Orthodox Žitomislić Monastery as well as the Saborna Crkva (Orthodox Cathedral) which was built from 1863-1873. The Serb Orthodox Cathedral of the Holy Trinity and the Church of the Birth of the Most Holy Virgin, both dating to the mid 19th century, were demolished by the Croats.〔(ICTY indictment against the Croat Herzeg-Bosnia leadership ), Statement of the Case, Article 27, 2003.〕〔(Prof. Michael Sells' page documenting the destruction )〕 The Cathedral was also known as the New Orthodox Church, while the latter was known as the Old Orthodox Church
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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